Skip to main content
This section will help you quickly understand how to run a complete RAG Pipeline based on UltraRAG. The usage process of UltraRAG mainly includes the following three stages:
  • Write Pipeline configuration file
  • Compile Pipeline and adjust parameters
  • Run Pipeline
In addition, you can also analyze and evaluate the running results through visualization tools.
If you haven’t installed UltraRAG yet, please refer to Installation.
For a more complete RAG development practice, please check the full documentation.

​
Step 1: Write Pipeline Configuration File

Please ensure that the current working directory is located at the UltraRAG root directory
Create and write your Pipeline configuration file in the examples folder, for example:
https://mintcdn.com/ultrarag/T7GffHzZitf6TThi/images/yaml.svg?fit=max&auto=format&n=T7GffHzZitf6TThi&q=85&s=69b41e79144bc908039c2ee3abbb1c3bexamples/rag_full.yaml
# Vanilla RAG with Corpus Indexing Demo

# MCP Server
servers:
  benchmark: servers/benchmark
  retriever: servers/retriever
  prompt: servers/prompt
  generation: servers/generation
  evaluation: servers/evaluation
  custom: servers/custom

# MCP Client Pipeline
pipeline:
- benchmark.get_data
- retriever.retriever_init
- retriever.retriever_embed
- retriever.retriever_index
- retriever.retriever_search
- generation.generation_init
- prompt.qa_rag_boxed
- generation.generate
- custom.output_extract_from_boxed
- evaluation.evaluate
UltraRAG’s Pipeline configuration file needs to include the following two parts:
  • servers: Declare the various modules (Servers) depended on by the current process. For example, the retriever Server is required for the retrieval stage.
  • pipeline: Define the calling sequence of functional functions (Tools) in each Server. This example shows a complete process from data loading, retrieval encoding and index construction, to generation and evaluation.

​
Step 2: Compile Pipeline and Adjust Parameters

Before running the code, you first need to configure the parameters required for operation. UltraRAG provides a shortcut build command, which can automatically generate the complete parameter file depended on by the current Pipeline. The system will read the parameter.yaml file of each Server, parse all parameter items involved in this process, and consolidate them into an independent configuration file. Execute the following command: 
ultrarag build examples/rag_full.yaml
After execution, the terminal will output content as follows: The system will generate the corresponding parameter configuration file in the examples/parameters/ folder. Open the file and modify relevant parameters according to the actual situation, for example:
https://mintcdn.com/ultrarag/T7GffHzZitf6TThi/images/yaml.svg?fit=max&auto=format&n=T7GffHzZitf6TThi&q=85&s=69b41e79144bc908039c2ee3abbb1c3bexamples/parameters/rag_full_parameter.yaml
benchmark:
  benchmark:
    key_map:
      gt_ls: golden_answers
      q_ls: question
    limit: -1
    name: nq
    path: data/sample_nq_10.jsonl
    seed: 42
    shuffle: false
custom: {}
evaluation:
  metrics:
  - acc
  - f1
  - em
  - coverem
  - stringem
  - rouge-1
  - rouge-2
  - rouge-l
  save_path: output/evaluate_results.json
generation:
  backend: vllm
  backend_configs:
    hf:
      batch_size: 8
      gpu_ids: 2,3
      model_name_or_path: openbmb/MiniCPM4-8B
      trust_remote_code: true
    openai:
      api_key: 'abc'
      base_delay: 1.0
      base_url: http://localhost:8000/v1
      concurrency: 8
      model_name: MiniCPM4-8B
      retries: 3
    vllm:
      dtype: auto
      gpu_ids: 5
      gpu_memory_utilization: 0.5
      model_name_or_path: openbmb/MiniCPM4-8B
      model_name_or_path: Qwen/Qwen3-8B
      trust_remote_code: true
  extra_params:
    chat_template_kwargs:
      enable_thinking: false
  sampling_params:
    max_tokens: 2048
    temperature: 0.7
    top_p: 0.8
  system_prompt: ''
prompt:
  template: prompt/qa_boxed.jinja
  template: prompt/qa_rag_boxed.jinja
retriever:
  backend: sentence_transformers
  backend_configs:
    bm25:
      lang: en
      save_path: index/bm25
    infinity:
      bettertransformer: false
      model_warmup: false
      pooling_method: auto
      trust_remote_code: true
    openai:
      api_key: 'abc'
      base_url: https://api.openai.com/v1
      model_name: text-embedding-3-small
    sentence_transformers:
      sentence_transformers_encode:
        encode_chunk_size: 256
        normalize_embeddings: false
        psg_prompt_name: document
        psg_task: null
        q_prompt_name: query
        q_task: null
      trust_remote_code: true
  batch_size: 16
  collection_name: wiki
  corpus_path: data/corpus_example.jsonl
  embedding_path: embedding/embedding.npy
  gpu_ids: '5'
  index_backend: faiss
  index_backend_configs:
    faiss:
      index_chunk_size: 10000
      index_path: index/index.index
      index_use_gpu: true
    milvus:
      id_field_name: id
      id_max_length: 64
      index_chunk_size: 1000
      index_params:
        index_type: AUTOINDEX
        metric_type: IP
      metric_type: IP
      search_params:
        metric_type: IP
        params: {}
      text_field_name: contents
      text_max_length: 60000
      token: null
      uri: index/milvus_demo.db
      vector_field_name: vector
  is_demo: false
  is_multimodal: false
  model_name_or_path: openbmb/MiniCPM-Embedding-Light
  model_name_or_path: Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B
  overwrite: false
  query_instruction: ''
  top_k: 5
You can modify the parameters according to the actual situation, for example:
  • Adjust template to the RAG template prompt/qa_rag_boxed.jinja;
  • Replace model_name_or_path of the retriever and generator with the local downloaded model path;
  • If running in a multi-GPU environment, modify gpu_ids to match available devices.

​
Step 3: Run Pipeline

When the parameter configuration is complete, you can run the entire process with one click. Execute the following command: 
ultrarag run examples/rag_full.yaml
The system will sequentially execute the various Servers and Tools defined in the configuration file, and output running logs and progress information in the terminal in real time: After running, the results (such as generated content, evaluation reports, etc.) will be automatically saved in the corresponding output path, such as output/memory_nq_rag_full_20251010_145420.json in this example, which can be directly used for subsequent analysis and visual display.

​
Step 4: Visual Analysis Case Study

After completing the process run, you can quickly analyze the generation results through the built-in visualization tool. Execute the following command to start the Case Study Viewer: 
python ./script/case_study.py \
  --data output/memory_nq_rag_full_20251010_145420.json \
  --host 127.0.0.1 \
  --port 8080 \
  --title "Case Study Viewer"
After successful operation, the terminal will display the access address. Open the browser and enter the address to enter the Case Study Viewer interface to interactively browse and analyze the results. The interface example is shown below:

​
Summary

At this point, you have completed the full RAG practice process from Pipeline Configuration, Parameter Compilation to Process Running and Visual Analysis. UltraRAG makes the construction, operation, and analysis of RAG systems more efficient, intuitive, and reproducible through a modular MCP architecture and a unified evaluation system. Based on this, you can:
  • Replace different models or retrievers to explore various combination effects;
  • Customize new Servers and Tools to extend system functions;
  • Use the evaluation module to quickly compare experimental results and conduct systematic research.